The Peacebuilding Initiative is a project of HPCR International, in partnership with the United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office and in cooperation with the Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research (HPCR) at Harvard University. Since 2007, the project has benefitted from the generous support of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Special thanks to lead consultant Dr. Beatrice Pouligny who guided the conceptual development of the portal. The elaboration of the thematic areas was informed by a core advisory group, representing various constituencies of the peacebuilding community. The structure, content and materials of specific thematic areas were then created by a team of consultants, research assistants and interns and revised with comments from advisers representing a variety of geographical, organizational, and ideological perspectives. We are greatly indebted to those individuals for their constructive commentary, quick turnaround, and generosity.
Ms. Suneeta Kaimal, Project Manager
Core Advisory Board
A. Sarjoh Bah, Research & Program Coordinator, Center on International Cooperation, New York University
Renata Dwan, formerly Senior Partnerships Adviser, Division of Policy, Evaluation and Training, Department of Peacekeeping Operations
Toshiya Hoshino, formely Minister-Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations
Chetan Kumar, Senior Conflict Prevention Advisor, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, United Nations Development Program
James Jonah, former United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs and Senior Fellow of the Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies
Marc Jacquand, Crisis and Post Conflict Cluster, UN Development Group Office
Bill Pace, Executive Director World Federalist Movement-Institute for Global Policy
Gay Rosenblum-Kumar, Senior Public Administration Officer, Governance and Public Administration Branch, Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Mirjana Spoljaric, First Secretary, Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations
Nita Yawanarajah, Political Affairs Officer, Policy Planning and Mediation Support Unit, Department of Political Affairs
Jeremy King, UN Peacebuilding Support Office
Necla Tschirgi, UN Peacebuilding Support Office
Richard Ponzio, UN Peacebuilding Support Office
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Democracy and Governance
Democracy and Governance: Introduction
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Democracy and Governance: Civil Society
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Roberto Belloni, Lecturer in International Politics, Queens University, Belfast
Dr. Thania Paffenholz, Researcher, Graduate Institute of International Relations and Development, Geneva (HEID)
Democracy and Governance: Constitutions
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Sumantra Bose, Professor of International and Comparative Politics, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Dr. Vivien Hart, Research Professor, University of Sussex
Dr. Sakuntala Kadirgamar-Rajasingham, Project Manager Constitution Building, UN Development Programme (UNDP), Somalia
Dr. Kirsti Samuels, Constitution Building and State Building Consultant
Democracy and Governance: Electoral Processes and Political Parties
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Krishna Kumar, Senior Social Scientist, Office of the Director of Foreign Assistance, US Department of State
Dr. Benjamin Reilly, Director, Centre for Democratic Institutions, Crawford School of Economics and Government, Australian National University
Democracy and Governance: Media
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Sheldon Himelfarb, Associate Vice President, Center of Innovation for Media, Conflict and Peacebuilding, Center of Innovation for Science, Technology and Peacebuilding, United States Institute of Peace
Dr. Lisa Schirch, Professor, Center for Justice and Peacebuilding, Eastern Mennonite University and Director of the 3D Security Initiative
Democracy and Governance: Public Administration, Local Governance and Participation
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. John-Mary Kauzya, Chief, Governance and Public Administration Branch, Division for Public Administration and Development Management, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)
Afghanistan Case Study: Dr. Sarah Lister, Governance and Civil Society Advisor, Oslo Governance Centre, UN Development Programme (UNDP)
DRC Case Study: Pascal Kambale, Deputy Director - AfriMAP
Indonesia Case Study: Mr. Hans Antlöv, formerly Programme Officer, Governance and Civil Society, Ford Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
Sierra Leone Case Study: Mr. Stefan Meyer, Senior Researcher, Humanitarian Action and Development, Fundación para las Relaciones Internacionales y el Diálogo Exterior (FRIDE)
Sierra Leone Case Study: Ms. Rebecca Stringer, Programme Manager, UK Department for International Development (DfID), Sierra Leone
Tajikistan Case Study: Dr. Catherine Barnes, Policy Adviser, Conciliation Resources
Uganda: Dr. Elliott Green, Research Associate, Tutorial Fellow, Development Studies Institute (DESTIN), London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Uganda: Dr. John Okidi, Senior Program Officer for the Think Tank Initiative, International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Nairobi
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Economic Recovery
Economic Recovery Strategies: Introduction
Dr. Erin McCandless, Consultant
Ms. Wendy Macclinchy, Supporting Consultant
Ms. Courtenay Siegfried, Research Assistant
Ms. Adriana Harvey, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Dr. Karen Ballentine, Consultant
Dr. Gilles Carbonnier, Deputy Director, Center on conflict, Development and Peacebuilding
Mr. Rahul Chandran, Associate Director for Statebuilding, Center on International Cooperation, New York University
Mr. Austin Kilroy, Doctoral Candidate, International Development Group, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Independent Consultant
Dr. Malcolm McPherson, Senior Fellow, Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
Dr. Janvier Nkurunziza, Office of the Special Coordinator for Africa, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Mr. Jordan Ryan, Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General (Recovery and Governance), United Nations Mission in Liberia
Economic Recovery: Community Reintegration
Dr. Erin McCandless, Consultant
Ms. Courtenay Siegfried, Research Assistant
Ms. Adriana Harvey, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Dr. Kimberly Maynard
Dr. Mary Hope Schwoebel, Program Officer, Education and Training Center/International, United States Institute for Peace (USIP)
Economic Recovery: Employment
Dr. Erin McCandless, Consultant
Ms. Wendy Macclinchy, Supporting Consultant
Ms. Courtenay Siegfried, Research Assistant
Ms. Adriana Harvey, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Dr. Rizwanul Islam, Recovery and Reconstruction Department, International Labour Organization (ILO), Geneva
Mr. Austin Kilroy, Doctoral Candidate, International Development Group, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Independent Consultant
Dr. Wim Naudé, Senior Research Fellow and Project Director, World Institute for Development Economics Research, United Nations University
Rajeev Pillay, General Partner, Abacus International Management L.L.C
Ms. Sara Spånt, Technical Officer on Youth Employment, Youth Employment Network, International Labour Organization
Economic Recovery: Natural Resources
Dr. Erin McCandless, Consultant
Mr. Topher L. McDougal, Consultant
Ms. Wendy Macclinchy, Supporting Consultant
Ms. Courtenay Siegfried, Research Assistant
Ms. Adriana Harvey, Research Assistant
Ms. Catarina Silveira, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Rolain Borel, Head, Department of Natural Resources and Peace, University for Peace
Dr. Philippe Le Billon, Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and the Liu Institute for Global Issues, University of British Columbia
Ms. Helga Rainer, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Geography and the Environment, London School of Economic and Political Science (LSE)
Ms. Ingrid Samset, Doctoral Candidate, Comparative Politics, University of Bergen; Researcher, Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI)
Economic Recovery: Public Finance
Dr. Erin McCandless, Consultant
Mr. Topher L. McDougal, Consultant
Ms. Courtenay Siegfried, Research Assistant
Ms. Adriana Harvey, Research Assistant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Catarina Silveira, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Tony Addison, Executive Director, Brooks World Policy Institute
Dr. James K. Boyce, Director, Program on Development, Peacebuilding, and the Environment and Professor of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Mr. Austin Kilroy, Doctoral Candidate, International Development Group, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Independent Consultant
Dr. Malcolm McPherson, Senior Fellow, Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
Mr. Jordan Ryan, Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General (Recovery and Governance), United Nations Mission in Liberia
Economic Recovery: Private Sector
Dr. Erin McCandless, Consultant
Mr. Topher L. McDougal, Consultant
Ms. Wendy Macclinchy, Supporting Consultant
Ms. Courtenay Siegfried, Research Assistant
Ms. Adriana Harvey, Research Assistant
Ms. Micol Martini, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Dr. Shawn Macdonald, Senior Advisor, Verite
Dr. Malcolm McPherson, Senior Fellow, Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
Mr. Jordan Ryan, Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General (Recovery and Governance), United Nations Mission in Liberia
Andrew Sherriff, Senior Programme Officer, European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM)
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Justice and Rule of Law
Justice and Rule of Law: Introduction
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant
Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant
Justice and Rule of Law: Access to Justice
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant
Ms. Julie Hunt, Intern
Advisers:
Mr. Stephen Golub, International Development and Law, Boalt Hall Law School, University of California, Berkeley
Dr. Bill O'Neill, Program Director, Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum
Justice and Rule of Law: Human Rights Promotion and Protection
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant
Ms. Lejla Gelo, Intern
Ms. Julie Hunter, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Bill O'Neill, Program Director, Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum
Mr. Ebrahim Afsah, formerly of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law
Justice and Rule of Law: Judicial Reform/ Re(construction)
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant
Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant
Ms. Flor Hunt, Research Assistant
Ms. Julie Hunter, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Bill O'Neill, Program Director, Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum
Justice and Rule of Law: Traditional and Information Justice Systems
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant
Ms. Julie Hunter, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Bill O'Neill, Program Director, Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum
Ms. Ewa Wojkowska, Legal Empowerment Consultant, UN Development Programme (UNDP)
Justice and Rule of Law: Transitional Justice
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant
Ms. Anna De Courcy Wheeler, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Rama Mani, former Executive Director of International Centre for Ethnic Studies, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Mr. Franklin Oduro, Researcher/Doctoral Candidate, Ghana Center for Democratic Development/Carleton University, Canada
Ms. Ana Cutter Patel, Deputy Director, Policymakers and Civil Society Unit, International Center for Transitional Justice
Ms. Nahla Valji, Senior Project Manager, Transitional Justice Programme and Managing Editor, International Journal of Transitional Justice, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Cape Town, South Africa
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Psycho-social Recovery
Psycho-social Recovery: Introduction
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Psycho-social Recovery: Empowerment of Under-represented Groups: Women and Gender Issues
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Clara Vaz, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Ms. Marianne Mollmann, Advocacy Director, Womens Division, Human Rights Watch
Ms. Sunita Vyavaharkar, UNIFEM
Psycho-social Recovery: Empowerment of Under-represented Groups: Children and Youth
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Clara Vaz, Research Assistant
Ms. Flor Hunt, Research Assistant Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant
Psycho-social Recovery: Empowerment of Under-represented Groups: Disabled Persons
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Clara Vaz, Research Assistant
Mr. Brian Clark, Intern
Advisers:
Tirza Leibowitz, Director of Rights Advocacy, Survivor Corps
Nerina Cevra, Programme Officer, Survivor Corps
Pia Wurzer, Administrator/Coordinator, International Disability and Development Consortium (IDDC)
Psycho-social Recovery: Memorialization, Historiography and History Education
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant
Ms. Clara Vaz, Research Assistant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Lili Cole, Programme Officer, United States Institute for Peace (USIP)
Ms. Ereshnee Naidu, International Coalition of Sites of Conscience
Psycho-social Recovery: Reconciliation
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant
Ms. Micol Martini, Senior Research Assistant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Nadia Bazzy, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Barry Hart, Associate Professor, Trauma and Conflict Studies, Center for Justice and Peacebuilding, Eastern Mennonite University
Dr. Louis Kriesberg, Professor Emeritus, Sociology, University of Syracuse
Dr. John Paul Lederach, Professor of International Peacebuilding at the University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, and concurrently Distinguished Scholar at Eastern Mennonite University
Psycho-social Recovery: Religion
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant
Ms. Nadia Bazzy, Intern
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Andrea Bartoli, Drucie French Cumbie Chair of Conflict Analysis and Resolution, Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution, George Mason University
Dr. Daniel Philpott, Associate Professor of Political Science and Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame
Psycho-social Recovery: Trauma, Mental Health and Psycho-social Well-Being
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Lori Katz, Research Assistant Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Rose McGovern, Intern
Advisers:
Dr. Jeannie Annan, Research Fellow, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University School of Medicine
Dr. Judy Barsalou, Representative, Middle East and North Africa, The Ford Foundation
Dr. Yael Danieli, UN Special Advisor on Victims of Terrorism, clinical psychologist, and Director of the Group Project for Holocaust Survivors and their Children
Dr. Bob Enright, Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Dr. Barry Hart, Associate Professor, Trauma and Conflict Studies, Center for Justice and Peacebuilding, Eastern Mennonite University
Dr. Simone Lindorfer, Psychotherapist
Dr. Ann McBroom, Psychologist
Dr. Nancy Sider, Associate Professor, Trauma and Conflict Studies, Center for Justice and Peacebuilding, Eastern Mennonite University
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Security and Public Order
Security and Public Order: Introduction
Ms. Patty Chang, Consultant
Security and Public Order: Community Policing
Ms. Patty Chang, Consultant
Mr. Anders Fink, Research Assistant
Ms. Flor Hunt, Research Assistant
Ms. Yemisrach Benalfew, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Mr. Edouard Belloncle, Security and Justice Sector Development Advisers, Saferworld
Michael Brogden, Director, The Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Queen's University of Belfast
Mr. Edward Kabina, Community Policing Programme Manager, Law Enforcement Department, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), Mission to Serbia
Mr. Mick Quimby, Community Policing Advisor, Law Enforcement Department, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), Mission to Serbia
Mr. Simon Rynn, Security and Justice Sector Development Adviser, Saferworld
Security and Public Order: Disarmament, Demobiliztion, Reinsertion and Reintegration
Ms. Patty Chang, Consultant
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Yemisrach Benalfew, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Ms. Nicole Ball, Visiting Senior Research Fellow, Center for International Development and Conflict Management, University of Maryland and Senior Fellow, Center for International Policy
Dr. Robert Muggah, Research Director, Small Arms Survey
Mr. Luc van de Goor, Netherlands Institute of International Relations (Clingendael)
Security and Public Order: Mine Action
Ms. Patty Chang, Consultant
Mr. Anders Fink, Research Assistant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Yemisrach Benalfew, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Mr. Ian Mansfield, Deputy Director / Head of Operations, Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD)
Ms. Sharmala Naidoo, Project Manager, Linking Mine Action and Development, Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD)
Pascal Simon, Mine Action Specialist
Security and Public Order: Security Sector Reform and Governance
Ms. Patty Chang, Consultant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant
Ms. Yemisrach Benalfew, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Ms. Nicole Ball, Visiting Senior Research Fellow, Center for International Development and Conflict Management, University of Maryland and Senior Fellow, Center for International Policy
Dr. Michael Brzoska, Director, Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy, University of Hamburg
Dr. Heiner Hänggi, Assistant Director and Head of Research at the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF)
Dr. Eirin Mobekk, Security Consultant
Dr. Albrecht Schnabel, Senior Fellow, Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF)
Security and Public Order: Small Arms and Light Weapons
Ms. Patty Chang, Consultant
Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, Consultant
Ms. Summer Lopez, Research Assistant Mr. Anders Finks
Ms. Yemisrach Benalfew, Research Assistant
Advisers:
Dr. Aaron Karp, Lecturer, Department of Political Science and Geography, Old Dominion University
Dr. Derek Miller, Senior Researcher and Project Manager, Security Needs Assessment Protocol, United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR)
Ms. Leonora Visoka Weller, Consultant
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Introduction to Peacebuilding
The content for this section was drafted by Dr. Beatrice Pouligny, with support from Mr. Arshak Hovanesian, Research Assistant.
The draft was revised with comments during a core advisory board meeting, as well as specific inputs from:
Erin McCandless, Consultant
Necla Tschirgi, UN Peacebuilding Support Office
Marc Jacquand, Crisis and Post Conflict Cluster, UN Development Group Office
Toshiya Hoshino, formely Minister-Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations
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Sierra Leone Database
The portal was initially developed by a research team, including: Sarah Burack, Julian Green, Adina Matisoff, Divya Prasad, Michelle Rebosio, and Sue Downie. Additional assistance in 2008 by Julie Hunter, Mazhira Black, and Flor Hunt. Krista Hund provided general support to the project as well.
For 2009, the Peacebuilding Initiative portal is maintained with the help of Ms. Summer Walker, Research Assistant.
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